Engine-cooling system



June 14, 1 927 L. P. BARLOW ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 5. 1926 7INVENTOR:

BY FM A TTORNEY.-

new Jae i4; i921.

talisman iii-in s. an. Serial s... 127381.

, This avenues sues to apple cooling systems for internal combustionengines and reaches the boiling point, thereby allowing the engine to bewarmed up quickly regardless of the outside atmospheric temperature inwhich theengine is started. Another objectof invention is toautomatically supply cooling liquid to the cylinder jacket. in exactproportions to the amounts of liquid going off as steam from the surfaceof the liquid body in the jacket from time to time during the steamingoperation, and thus automatically maintain a substantially constantliquid level above the cylinders to prevent either flooding the jacketto stop the steaming operation or the boiling away of the liquid body tooverheat the cylinders.

- A further object of my inventon is to sup- .ply the cooling'liquid tothe cylinder jacket through 'a standpi e or, chamber having a by-pass atthe heig t of'the liquid level for the jacket, so as to regulate said.level in the jacket yet allow fer acontinuous and uninterru tedcirculation of liquid-through the chamlier to supply the jacket withoutany of the .excess liquids passing there through. V

A further object of my invention is to so position the supply andreserve tank of' the system that it maybe readily reached A 'stillfurther object of myrinvention is to locate this tank under the a ronalong the running-board at the side 0 the car and utilize a placenotheretofore generally used for this purpose.

The invention consists further in the mat 7 mesa i er/0 "ystemconstructed in accordance with my invention; y

Fig. 2 illustratesthesupply and reserve tankof the system locatedbeneath the apron of the running-board at one side of the car; Fig. 3is'a vertical sectional view taken on'line 33 of Fig. 2 'and 7 Fig.4illustrates a modified formof constructionto be hereinafter described.

.In Fig. 1, -1 indicates the cylinder block of an internal combustionengine, and 2 the head clamped on top of the block over the upper endsof the enginev cylinders 3 therein,

as usual in motor vehicle engine designs. The block 1 is provided withthe usual cham bet 4 about the engine cylinders was to re- 'ccive thecoolingliquids, as water, as heretofore, said chamber defining the waterjacket about the cylinders. as usual. Thehead 2 has a vapor collectingspace or steam dome 5 extending above the head and in directcommunication at all times at its lower end with the upper end of thechamber 4 so as to receive the steam rising from the body of the liquidin the chamber when brought to the boiling temperature ,from the heat ofthe explosions in the cylinders during the operation of the engine.

The dome 5 is connected with a header or chamber 6 at the upper end of acooler-0r condenser 7 by a conduit 8. The condenser may take the form ofan automobile radiator with water tubes and air passages so as to 'fitin with the present automobile designs.

The lower portion of the condenser 7 is prochamber 9, which is connectedby a down wardly extendin conduit 10 with a manifold 11 arranged belowthe condenser, as shown in Fig. 1. The manifold 11 is connected by aconduit 12 with the intake of a ump 13, also located below the condenserand driven from the engine in any desired manner. i

At one side ofthe block'l is a standpipe 14 o ening atits lower end intothe lower portion of the cylinder 'acket through its liquid intake port15. T rough this standpipe liquid is supplied to the cylinder jacket 4and maintained thenein at a level a 1n the lower portion of the dome 5and above the vided with a condensate collecting header or p cylinders,as shown in Fig. 1.- The standpipe 14 extends upward from the port 15 tothe water level a in the dome 5 and is connected at that level by anoutlet or overflow pipe or conduit 16 with a supply tank or reservior 17located below the condenser 7, as shown. A supply conduit 18 connectsthe standpipe 14 with the discharge outlet of the pump 13, so that saidpump when in operation delivers liquid to the standpipe and through thesame supplies liquid to the jacket 4 to the level a therein.

The tank or reservoir 17 is connected with the manifold 11 on the intakeside of the pump by a conduit 19 so as to supply makeup water to thesystem and permit the liquids to circulate through the standpipe 14 and'its intake and overflow conduits 18 and 16 without passing through thecylinder jacket and the dome. The tank-17 has a capacity to contain allthe liquid required for the system and sufficient in addition toconstitute a reserve supply and thus compensate for natural lossesthrough leakage and evaporation. Said tank 17 has a filling neck 20, theclosure cap of which has a vent opening 21 to the atmos )here. Anothervent 22 to the atmosphere is provided for the condenser 7 at itslower-condensate collecting chamber 9, as shown. To balance the'pressurein the dome 5 and in the regulating chamber 14, I provide a connectionbetween them by a pipe 28, as shown'in Fig. 1.

As shown in Fig. 1, the tubes 23, 23 of the condenser 7 are verticallydisposed and connect the upper steam receiving chamber 6 with the lowercondensate collecting chamber 9. These tubes are spaced apart so thatair flowing through the condenser from front to rear Wlll contact withthe tubes to cool them and cause the steam passing downward through thetubes to be condensed and returned to liquid form to the systemthroughthe condensate collecting chamber 9. A fan 24 is located at the rear ofthe condenser 7 and is operated by the engine in the usual manner todraw air through the condenser for steam condensing purposes, as stated.

On first placing the system in operation, the tank or reservoir 17 iscompletely filled with cooling liquid through the neck 20 to the levelindicated by the dotted line b. As the tank is so located as to extendabove the pump 13 and manifold 11, these two elements as well as theconduits 12 and 19 and the portions of the conduits 10 and 18 below thelevel I) are filled with liquid, thus primin all of the arts and notdelaying their fi ling on startlng the engine.

On first starting the motor or en me, the pump 13 draws liquid from thetank 17 and delivers it to the jacket, chamber 4 through the conduit 18and standpipe 14. The pump fills the jacket chamber 4 to approximatelyture conditions.

theleveljndicated by a, whereu n the flow to the jacket ceases, due tothe act that the overflow pipe 16 is connected with the upper end of thestandpipe 14 at the height of the level a. The pump continues to operateand by the by-pass 16 circulates-the excess liquid back through the tankwithout passing through the jacket, and thus making no change in thelevel a. From the fact that the flow of liquid to the jacket ceases whenlevel a has been reached, the engine is allowed to warm up rapidly andbring the liquid in the jacket tothe boiling point in a relatively shortperiod of time and thusquickly raise the walls of the engine cylindersto the desired economical operating temperature, regardless of loadconditions on the engine or the outside atmospheric temperature.

Then the liquid in the acket 4reachcs boiling or steaming temperature,steam rises from the level a of the liquid in the jacket and flows tothe condenser 7 through the outlet conduit 8. The level a in the jacketis being constantly lowered to a slight extent by portions of the liquidbody in the jackets going off as steam from the heat furnished by theexplosions in the cylinders, thereby allowing the ump to constantlysupply liquid to the jacket through the standpipe 14. to make up orcompensate for the amounts going oil as steam. As the bypass or overflowconduit 16 opens into the standpipe 14 in the plane of the level a inthe jacket, it follows that no more make-up liquid will be supplied tothe jacket 4 than enough to compensate for the amounts going off assteam in the jacket. Thus the amounts of liquid supplied to the jacketfrom time to time during the boiling of the liquid in the jacket will bein direct roportion to the amounts of liquid going 0 as steam in thejacket. This an important feature of my invention because not enou h ofthe cooler liquid is supplied to the jac et at any time during thesteaming operation to interfere with or hinder the same, therebymaintaining the cylinder walls of the engine at a substantially constantoperating temperature regardless of load and atmospheric temperalVhileconsiderably more amounts of the liquid about the en ine cylinders willbe converted into steam lOHl time to time durin the operation of theengine under heavier l bads than under lighter loads, yet the amounts ofcooler, liquid supplied to the jacket under a heavier load from time totime will not be sufiicient to hinder the steaming action in the jacketas to materially reduce the operating temperature of the cylinder walls.

Steam entering the chamber 6' at the top of the condenser 7 will beforced downward through the tubes 23, 23 by the pressure in the dome 5.The tubes being cooled by the ill circulation of air against them, willcause the steam therein to be condensed therein, the condensateflowingby gravity to the lower chamber 9. From there, the condensate liquidwill flow downward into the manifold 11 through the conduit 10, and thusbe collected to be taken. up by the pump 13 and be returned to thesystem for resupplying the jacket with liquid in proportion to theamounts going off as steam therein.

I prefer, when my improved system is used with automobiles, to place thesupply and reserve tank 17 in a position whereit may be readily reachedfor filling through the neck 20, from the exterior of the car. In Figs.2 and 3 of the drawings, I have shown the tank 17 located in the spacebetween the apron 25 and the running-board 26 at one side of the car andthe'adjacent side member 27 of the frame or chassis of the machine. Thetank 17 has its filling neck extended upward through an openin g in theapron so that it may be reached for filling the tank from the outside ofthe car. To avoid the use of unduly long conduits 16 and 19 between thetank and the associated parts of the system I prefer to position thetank toward the front. end of the car, as shown in Fig. 2.

While I have shown in Fig. 1 the overflow conduit '16 as connecting thestandpipe 14 directly. with the tank 17, I may arrange.

this overflow pipe 16 so as to connect the upper end of the standpipe atthe water level a with the intake side of the pum 13',

1 as shown in Fig. 4. This arrangement s ortens the distance of flowfrom the standpipe 14 to the intake of the pump, which may be desired insome installations. Moreover. by this arrangement the return flow fromthe standpipe 14 to the pump is not through the supply tank 17 todisturb or heat the same as with the assembly shown in Fig. 1.

While I have shown and described the standpi .e 14 as made separate fromthe cylinder b ock 1, it could be formed integral with said block, as bymaking a suitable passage or alcove therein. In either case, it wouldserve as a chamberto regulate the level of the liquid body about thecylinders and also enable the liquid to be supplied to said body indirect proportion to the amounts going oil as steam therefrom during thesteaming operation. After the sys term has been initially filled withliquid through the tank 17 no further filling is required overrelatively long periods of I time, as practically all steam generated inthe jacket is condensed and returned to the system, On stop. ing themotor steam will :ontinue until the temperature of the cylinler wallsdrops below the boiling point. of the liquid used. The amp 13 beingidle, no liquid will be supplied to the jacket to make-up for theamounts going off as steam.

The level a will naturally lower, it being raised, however, to theheight required on the first starting of the engine.

1. In an internal combustion engine vapor coolmg system wh ch is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times atatmospheric ressure, the combination with a cylinder acket having asteam space abovethesame, of means providinga circuit whereby a coolingliquid may be continuousl circulated without passing through said j acet, andmeans included in said circuit and connected with said jacketwhereby a predetermined liquid level may bemaintained in the jacket bysupplying liquid thereto from the circuit in direct proportion to theamounts going ofi as steam in the jacket. V

21 In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times atatmospheric pressure, the combination with a cylinder jacket having asteam space aboye the. same of means providing a clrcuit whereby acooling liquid may be continuousl. circulated without passing throughsaid- .jac et, said circuit including a liquid level regulating chamberfor the jacket and through which the circuit enters the jacket, saidchamber having its outlet to the circuit at the height of the liquidlevel for the jacket in order to maintain such level by supplying liquidto the jacket from the circuit in direct pro ortion to the amounts goingoil as steam in t e jacket. 1

3. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times atatmospheric ressure, the combination with a c linder acket having asteam space above t e same, of means providing a et, said circuitincluding aliquid chamber for the jacket and the atmosphere and whichoperates at all times at atmospheric pressure, the combination with acylinder acket having a steam space above the same, of means providing acircuit whereby a cooling liquid may be continuously circulated withoutpassing throughsaid jacket, a liquid level regulating chamber for thejacket and a forcing pump in said circuit with the latter entering thejacket through said chamber, a reservoir in the circuit, said chamberhaving its inlet and outlets connected with the discharge of the pumpand with the reservoir, respectively, the outlet of said chamber beingat the height of the liquid level for the jacket in orderto maintainsaidlevel by supplying liquid to the jacket from the circuit in directproportion to the amounts passing off as steam in the jacket.

5. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times atatmospheric pressure, the combination with a cylinder jacket having asteam space above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby acooling liquid may be continuously circulated without passing throughthe jacket, said circuit including a liquid level regulating chamber forthe jacket and connected with the intake thereat, said chamber havingits outlet to the circuit at the height of the liquid level for thejacket in order to maintain such level by supplying liquid to the jacketfrom the circuit in directproportion to the amounts going ofif as steamin the jacket, and a condenser connected at its upper end with the steamspace and at its lower end with'the return side only of said circuit forsupplying condensate thereto.

6. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times at atmoheric pressure, the combination with a clinder jacket having a steamspace above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby a coolingliquid may be continuously circulated without passing through saidjacket, said circuit includinga standpipe arranged outside of the jacketand through which standpipe the circuit enters the jacket for supplyingliquid thereto, said standpipe havin inlet and outlet openings includedin t e circu t with the outlet open ing at the height of the liquidlevel for the jacket.

7. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates atall times atatmosphericpressure, the combination with a cylinder jacket having asteam space above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby acooling liquid may be continuously circulated without" passing throughsaid jacket, said circuit including a standpipe arranged outside of thejacket and connected at its lower end with the intake of the jacket forsupplying liquid thereto, said stand ipe having inlet and outletopenings included in the circuit with the outlet openin at the height ofthe liquid level for the jac (et, and a condenser connected at its upperend with the steam space and at its lower end with the return side onlyof the circuit for supplying condensate thereto.

8. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times at atmosheric pressure, the combination with a cy inder jacket having a steamspace above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby a coolingliquid may be continuously circulated without passing through thejacket, said circuit including a chamber connected with the intake ofthe jacket for supplying liquid thereto, said chamber having its outletto the circuit at the height of the liquid level for the jacket in orderto maintain such level by supplying liquid to the jacket from thecircuit in direct proportion to the amounts going off as steam in thejacket, a condenser connected at its upper end with the steam space andat its lower end with the return side only of said circuit for supplyingcondensate thereto, and a pressurebalancing connection between thechamber and said steam space.

9. In a cooling system for internal combustion engines, the combinationwith a cylinder jacket, of means providing a circuit whereby a coolingliquid is circulated without passing through said jacket, means tomaintain the cooling liquid at a predetermined level in the jacket, anda vent for said system, said vent being continuously open to theatmosphere whereby the system operates at all times at atmosphericpressure.

10. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times at atmosheric pressure, the combination with a cy inder jacket having a steamspace above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby coolingliquids may be continuously circulated without passing through saidjacket, said circuit including a chamber connected with the intake ofthe jacket for supplying liquids thereto, and a supply and reservereservoir connected with said circuit for supplying liquids thereto,said chamber having its outlet for liquids connected with the reservoirand disposed at the height of the liquid level to be maintained in thejacket.

11. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and which operates at all times at atmosheric pressure, the combination with a cylinder jacket having a steamspace above the same, of means providing a circuit whereby coolingliquids may becontinuouslv circulated without passing through saidjacket, said circuit including a chamber connected with the intake ofthe jacket for supplying liquids thereto, a supply and reserve reservoirconnected with the circuit for supplying li uids thereto, and acondenser connected wiai said steam space and the return side,respectively, of the circuit for supplying condensate thereto, saidchamber having itsoutlet for liquids connected with the reservoir anddisposed at'the' height of the liquid level to in the jacket.

12. In an internal combustion engine vapor cooling system which is opencontinuously to the atmosphere and operating at all he. maintained timesat atmospheric pressure, the combi-* liquid without passing through saidjacket,

and means for so controlling the admission of liquid from said circuitto the jacket as to maintain the cooling at a predetermined level.

In testimony whereofl afiix my signature this Qndday of Au t, 1926.

' L STER P. BARLOW.

liquid in the jacket

